Get here Question and Answers of the Chapter 1 ‘Resources and Development’ CBSE Class 10 NCERT Geography. Click here to see Notes based on this chapter.
Multiple Choice Questions
(i) Which one of the following is the main cause of land degradation in Punjab?
- (a) Intensive cultivation
- (b) Deforestation
- (c) Over irrigation
- (d) Overgrazing
Answer: (c) Over irrigation
(ii) In which one of the following states is terrace cultivation practised?
- (a) Punjab
- (b) Plains of Uttar Pradesh
- (c) Haryana
- (d) Uttarakhand
Answer: (d) Uttarakhand
(iii) In which of the following states black soil is predominantly found?
- (a) Uttar Pradesh
- (b) Maharashtra
- (c) Rajasthan
- (d) Jharkhand
Answer: (b) Maharashtra
Short Answer Questions
(i) Name three states having black soil and the crop which is mainly grown in it.
Answer: Three states with black soil are Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, and Gujarat. Cotton is the crop mainly grown in black soil.
(ii) What type of soil is found in the river deltas of the eastern coast? Give three main features of this type of soil.
Answer: Alluvial soil is found in the river deltas of the eastern coast. Three main features are:
- It is fertile and suitable for agriculture.
- It contains adequate proportion of potash, phosphoric acid and lime, which is ideal for sugarcane, paddy, wheat and growth of other cereals and pulse crops.
- It is formed by the deposition of sediments carried by rivers.
- Regions of alluvial soil are intensively cultivated and are densely populated.
(iii) What steps can be taken to control soil erosion in the hilly areas?
Answer: To control soil erosion in hilly areas, the following steps can be taken:
- Planting vegetation and trees to hold the soil together.
- Building terraces to reduce the speed of water runoff.
- Using contour ploughing to follow the natural contours of the land.
Long Answer Questions
(i) Explain land use pattern in India and why has the land under forest not increased much since 1960-61?
Answer: Land use in India is primarily categorized into agricultural, forest, and non-agricultural uses. About 60% of India’s land is used for agriculture, while forest cover is around 23%.
The pattern of net sown areas varies greatly from one state to another. It is over 80 percent of the total area in Punjab and Haryana and less than 10 percent in Arunachal Pradesh, Mizoram, Manipur and Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
The land under forest has not increased much since 1960-61 due to factors such as deforestation for agricultural expansion, urbanization, and industrial development. Although afforestation efforts have been made, the pressure on land for human activities continues to be high.
(ii) How have technical and economic development led to more consumption of resources?
Answer: Technical and economic development has led to more consumption of resources in several ways. Advancements in technology have increased the efficiency of resource extraction and processing, leading to higher resource use.
Economic growth has spurred industrialization and increased demand for products, which in turn raises resource consumption.
Additionally, improvements in infrastructure and transportation facilitate the movement and use of resources on a larger scale, contributing to overall higher consumption.
Dams are built and water is taken to fields to irrigate lands. This results in depletion of water
resources.
